Prime-mover-control system



`Mardi 26, 1929. A, PFAU 1,706,812

PRIME MOVER CONTROLSYSTEM Fild March 28, 1925` a wlllailz, l

Illllllll IIIIII Patented Mar. 26, 1,929.

PATEru ori-flee.'l

ARNOLD PEAU, 0E MILWAUKEE, WIsooNsIN,"AssIGNoR To ALLIs-CIIALMEES MANU- EACITURING COMPANY, 0E MILWAUKEE, WISCONSIN, A AczoiREoRA'rIoNoE DELA- s WARE.

" PRIME-MOVER-CONTROL SYSTEM.

sppiicamn inea March 2a, 1925. serial No. 18,955.

This invention relates to prime mover kcontrol systems.` It isfpartieularly applicable to the control of impulse water wheels.

One oit the objects of the invention is to provide a control system in which the speed of the prime mover and the supply of operating fluid thereto will be properlycontrolled.

The speed of and waterjsupply to impulse wheels have been controlled by providing the nozzle or the pipe leading .theretov with a Vproper regulator which acts to prevent undue Vpressurerise in the pipe when the needle kot the nozzle is operated rapidly. toward closed position. The pressure regulator i does not act when the needle is moved suiiciently slowly toward closed position. This method of control has the disadvantage that the low in the nozzle pipedown stream of the pressure regulator connection must at times be stopped entirely. 1f the pressure regulator fails the pipe line is apt to be wrecked due to excessive pressure rise.v It isanother object of the invention to ohviate these disadvantages.

A 'further obJect of the invention 1s tolprovide a system of control which causes no sud- Y den decelerationl of the water anywhere in the pipe line. n

Another object is the provision ota system of control in which the quantity of flow of the opera ting fluid is changed slowly whereas the direction ot that flow may bechanged rapidly.

Still. another object is the provision of au-Vy tomatic means whereby when the change in direction oi?` flow is no longer necessary, the direction of flow 1s brought back to normal.

Other objects will appear hereinafter as the description of the invention proceeds.

The novel Vieatures of the invention will appear from this speciiicationand the accom-` panying drawings forming a part .thereof showing several embodiments of the invenf tion and all these novel features are intended to be pointed out in the claims.

1n the drawings:

Fig; 1 is a diagraimnatic showing of one 'lorm oil the invention as it may be applied in connection with an impulse wheel.

Fig. 2 isa more or less diagrammatic view of the invention 1n modified form.

`suitable speed responsive means.

Fig. 3 a more or less diagrammatic View of a stillfurther modiication of the invention. y l

Fig. 4 .is a view of a detail of Figfl.

Referring now to Fig. 1 there is here shown lan impulsewheel runner y1 against which a stream may be directed from a nozzle 2 provided with aI needle 8 which may be used to regulate vthe quantityof Water fiowing `:from the knozzle vin the usual'manner.' The needle 3 maybe operated byk means of a rod 4 to. one end ofwhich is connected a servo-motor in-v cluding a piston 5 operating in a cylinder 6.

Fluid under pressure maybe admitted so as to act. on either side of `piston 5 and the admission ofr thisfluid may becontrolled by means ofa regulatin'gvalve 7 here shown as provided with a pair of piston valves 8, 9 operating in a cylinder 10. The valvesv 8, 9k may be operated by means of av stem 11.` The r70 I valves are here lshown in their neutral position'in which they `prevent the `entrance of Huid under pressure through an inlet pipe 12 to either of a pair of pipes 13, 14 connected with the respective ends of cylinder v6.y The valve stem 11`is here shown as'econnected to one end of a floatinglever 15 provided with a floating pivot 16 the position ot' which may be controlled by a flyball mechanism 17 or other v l The fly ball mechanism 17 may be' driven from the impulse wheel- 1 through any suitable connection, here indicated as belted.

. The motionproduced by the fly vball .mechanism on regulating valve 7 may be compen-y sated by means of any suitable connection to the servo-motor piston y5, here'shown as a rod 18 pivotally connected to the other end of f ioating lever 15 and'suitably connected through desired links and levers to a projection 19 rigidly ,secured to rod 4. This connection is such that motion of rod-4 to the left will cause the rod 18 tomove up- Awardly as viewed in this ligure.

Associated with nozzle 2 is here shown a deflecting hood 20 adapted to be swung on a pivot 21 by means of a rod 22 in turn pivotally connected to a lever 23. Thelever 23 is pivoted at24, intermediate its ends, on the rod 4. The other end ot' lever 23 is pivotally con-400 rocked in a clockwisev direction aboutits pivotal connection With link 25 so` that the deflecting hood 20 Will be returned to its normal position shownl inFig. 1.' The connection beuween the detlector 20 and the needle is therefore such tliatwhen the needle has finally attained the position WliichprO- duccs a jet equivalent tothe new load, the deflector is in such a position that no Water is deflected. a

It will be obvious that it is not necessary that the servo-motors for operating. the defleeting hoed and the needle be in axial alineinent as indicated in Fig. 1 but that they be placed side by side or above one another or in any desired relation so long as they serve to produce the desired motions of the needle and'deflecting hood.v i

Referring now to Fig. 2 this shows the invention in somewhat modifiedform, 'one of the servo-motors being"V eliminated. The parts in this figure which are the saine -or similar as the parts of Fig. 1 have. been givenA the same reference numerals. A piston 57 is adapted to operate in a cylinder 5S and fluid under piessuie may'be admitted'to either side of piston 57 through apair of pipes 59, 60. The admission of fluid under pressure tothese pipes may be controlled by a regulating valve in a manner similar to that described in connection with Fig. 1.. The regulating valve may also be controlled by speedresponsive means and if desired., by a compensating connet-tion. .In this particular case there rwould of course be but one regulating valve, one

floating lever, and one compensating connection which might be of the forni as in the patent to Englesson hereinabove referred to. The piston 57 is constructed to forma spring cage for asprin'g 61 acting against a pair of ilates 62, .G3 disposed at opposite ends of the spring. The plates G2, 63 are adapted fto sliue en the rod 4 passing therethrough.

determined amount of load is removed from the wheel, fluid under pressure Will be ad?v ini'tted to pipe 59 thereby moving piston 57 toward the left. The spring 61 Will be coinpressed by reason of the motion of plate 62 tovard the left and the i'od 4 will remain relatively stationary by reason of the retarding effect produced by dash pot 67.Y The motion of piston 57 -tofthe left will cause a counter-clockwise swing of deflector in the sainev The rod 4 is provided with a pair of collars 64, 65 Y 6? respectively depending*- nianner as described in connectionivith Fig.

1.rv Inasmu'ch, however, as the compression of spring 6,1 causes a lforce to be applied through plate 63 to collar 65 tending to move the latter and therod 4 toward the left under the restrainingact-ion of dash pot67, the rod 4 willsloivlyniove the needle 3 toward the closed position a predetermined ,aniouiit' as determined by the reduction in the. amount of load `on the Wheel or the speed iise.- As the rod'4 moves toward the left the lever 3 Will be Vrocked so as to return the 'deflector 2() to its normal position as also ydescribes in connection With'Fig. 1. f

Referring to Fig. 3 this .shows` a simplified modification in which no yservo-motors are shown but maybe applied, as willappear hereinafter, if desired. As in Fig.'2, the parts which are the same or similar to those ofFig. 1 liavebeen given the same reference numerals.l yThe lever 26 corresponding to the similar part in Figs. 1 and 2 is, in Fig. 3, mounted Vto swing about a stationary pivot G9.' Instead ofv a servo--iiiotor piston Abeing connected to the lever 2G the element is in this case a spring cage 7.1 adapted to slide in a guide 78. This guide 7 8 is provided With a slot 77 t'o provide BCy for movement and passage of the .connection between 'the lever 26 and the spring cage 71,'

which may consist of a pin 30 carried by the spring cage and` adapted to operate in a slot 7() in lever 26. The spring cage containsa soring 72 acting at oiiositev ends against plates 7 3, 7 4 which are adapted to slide with respect to the rodj4 passing therethrough. The rod4 is provided with a pair of collars 75, 7 6 fastened thereto adapted to engage the plates 7 3, 74 respectively.

` The operation of the device shown in Fig. 3 is as follows. Assuming that power is apn plied tothe pivot or shaft 69 in any suitable manner (as by a servo-inotor embodied in a governor of standard form) so as torotate the lever 26-in a counter-clockwise direction, the

spring cage 71 will be moved 'toward the left, the spring 72 being compressedby plate 73 by reason ofthefact that the rod 4 is restrained by means of dash pot G7 as in Fig.

2. The motion of lever 26 causes deflection rof the stream. as described in connection with Fig. 1 and as spring72 expands against plate 74 and collar-76, rod 4 will be moved toward the left tomove needle 3 toward the` closed position a predetermined amount. At the same time'the motion of pivot 24v-*ill cause the dellector 20-tobe returned to its normal position.

It should be understood that itis not desired to limit the invention to the exact de# tails of constructionshown and described, for obvious modifications may occur to persons skilled in the art.

It is claimed and desired to 'secure by Letters Patent:

1. In combination with a nozzle for directioo i iio lce

moving;a seid de'l'lccting ineens in one diree-.

tion, e. needle lor seid nozzle, end means inciudiiiig e. mechanical conne tion between siiid needle and sid stroom c" lettino; ineens wherel'iy movement ot seid. needle moves said detlecting ineens in 'the opposite direction.

in con'ibinetion with e nozzle 'for direcingij a stroom against en impulse wheel, ineens inclndin e servo-motor whereby seid 'rezim may be directed away from its norn'isl direction, n. needle for seid nozzle, and ineens including;` :i mechanical connection between said needle and said stream directino means whereby s predetermined movement ol" said needle brings said stream beck to its normal direct-ion. n

l. ln combination with e nozzle for directing;` a s'tieiiin egaii'ist en impulse wheel, means :for deliecting said streams, means inclui'linig a servo-motor for moving seid `delecting,` mes in one dii etien, :i needle for ssid nozzle, and ineens including` a mechanical connection between seid needle endsaid stroom .dcticcting means whereby movement oil seid needle moves seid dellecting,` ineens in the opposite direction.

5. ln con'ibinetion, an iinpnlse wheel, a nozzle ilor directing;` a stream against siiid wheel, means including` z servo-ii'iotor whereby seid streain insy be directed mvay from its noriniil direction, ineens responsive to the spoed oit seid wheel :tor controlling said servoino'tor, a'necdle forr said nozzle, and ineens including` 'e mechanical connection between said needle and seid stream directing ineens whereby a predetermined movement oi? said ieedle brings said strcein back to its normal direction.

G. ln conibinetion, fin impulso wheel, a nozzle :tor directing ii stream against seid wheel, means for de'ilecting; seid stream, ineens including a. servo-motor for moving,` said deifiecting' means in one direction, means responsive to the speed ot seid wheel Ylor 'controlling seit. servo-motor, e. needle for sait nozzle, and ii'ieens including a mechanical connection between seid needle end seid stream delecting means whereby movement olf si needle moves seid detlecting; ineens in the opposite direction.

7. in combination with a nozzle for directing` stream against an impulse wheel, means whereby seid stream may be directed sway trom its normal direction, e needleftor seid nozzle, end ineens including` a mechanical connection between said needle end said stream directing means for controlling the movement seid directing means and said neeele and for censing` the effect ot seid dirooting;` ineens to be faster than 4that ot' said needle. Y Y

8. ln combination with n nozzle for directingl u streemngainst on impulse wheel, ineens whereby seid streinn may be directed away :from its normal direction, e. needle for said nozzle, means 'for operating` said needle, a lover pivoted between its ends tossid operetiiig ineens, means for operatively relating one end of seid. lever wit-li seid directing` ineens, and ineens for moving the other end oi seid lever. i Y 9. ln combination with a nozzle for directfn e etres-in against en impulse wheel, means e direct .compensating connection between seid second servo-motor and its regulating` vulve.

l0. ln combination with :i nozzle ior directing a. stream iigeiinst en impulse wheel, ineens whereby seid stream may be directed sway from its norinzil direction, e servo-motor 'for operating` seid directing means, means rcspiinsive to the speed of said wheel for con-` JV l.

rolling' said servo-motor to move a prcdcrected away trom its normal direction, e.

l said directingineens, regulating valve for seid servoinotor, ineens responsive to the speed ot said wheel toi" controlling` seid regulating valve, ineens responsive to the movement oli servo-motor for operatino scrvo-n'iotor 'lor coiopensstingv the movementV oit said renlziting valve, e needle t'or ssid iozzle, :i second servo-motor for operating seid needle, aV regulating' Valve responsive to said sneed responsive ineens tor controlling` seid second scrvo-inotor, endmenns responsive to the n'iovement of seid second servo-v mo'tor tor compensating; the movement ot seid second regulatingvalve.

l2. In combination with en impulse wheel,

` said a nozzle for directing astream against said wheel, means whereby said stream may be directed away from its .normal direction, a servo-motor lor operating said directing means, a regulating valve for said servo-motor, means responsive to the lspeed of said wheel, means whereby said stream may be directed away from its normal direction, a servo-motor for operating said directing means, a regulating valve tor said servo-motor, a loatinglever operativelylconnected to said regulating valve, means responsive to the speed of said wheel `for controlling said lioating lever, means responsive to the movement ot' said servo-motor for controlling said floating lever, a needle for said nozzle, a second servo-motor for operating said needle, a

second regulating valve for said second servo-A` iiiotor, a second floating lever operatively connected to said second regulating valve and to said speed responsive means, and means responsive yto the movement of said second servo-motor 'for controlling said second floating lever. l

14. In combination withv an impulse wheel, means lforA directing a stream against said wheel, means whereby said stream may be directed away trom its normal direction, a. servo-motor ftor operating said directing means, a regulating valve for said servo-iiiotor, a floating lever operatively connected to said regulating valve,'means responsive to the speed of said. wheel for controlling said l'loating lever-,means connected between said servo-motor and said floating lever lor compensating the movement of said regulating valve including a dash pot interposed in said connection and a spring for restraining the piston of said dash pot, means for varying the quantity. of iiuid in said stream, a second servo-motor for operating said varying means, a regulating valve for said second s-ervo-motoi',a second floating lever operatively connected to said second regulating valve and to said speed responsive means, a connection between said second servo-motor and said second `floating lever, and means whereby said connect-ion varies the restraining action of'said spring.

15. In combination wit-ha -nozzle for directving a stream against aniiiipulsewheel, means whereby :said stream may be directed away trom its normal direction, a servo-motor niadjusted forcoarse-compensating action between 'saidregulating valve and said servo-.

motor, -aneedle for said nozzle, and means I responsive to the movement of said needle for readjusting said compensating connection vfor tine compensating action. l

16. In combination with a nozzle for directing a stream against an impulse wheel, means whereby said stream rmay be directed away from its normal direction, a servo-motor including a regulating valveA 'foroperatingsaid directing means, a compensating connection including a dash pot between said regulating valve and said servo-motor, a needle for said nozzle', aspring for restraining that part ofv the dash pot connected tok said regulating valve, a' needle for said, nozzle, and means responsive to the movement of said needle 'for varying the restraining' action oi said spring.

1 7. In combination with. a. nozzle for directing a` stream against an impulse wheel, means whereby ysaid stream maybe directed away from its normal direction, a servo-niotor for operating said directing means, means responsive to the speed oi said wheel for controlling said servo-motor to tend to regulate within a predetermined speed variation, a needley for said nozzle, a second servo-motor for operating said needle, means for control- 'linO said second servo-motor to o )crate at a b l n -predetermined rate, and means l whereby movement of said second servo-motor causes said hrstservo-motor to tendv to regulate within a smaller predetermined speed variation. y.

18. In ooinbin ation with a nozzle for directinga stream against an impulse wheel, means whereby said stream may be directed away from its normal direction, a needle for said nozzle, means including linkage between said needle and said stream directing means, said linkage being provided with a primary and a secondary pointv for the application of external forces such that the application of a predetermined 'foice to said primary point causes age of said stream directing means ina direction opposite from the aforesaid direction.

19.*In combination with anozzle for` directing a stream against an impulse wheel, means whereby said stream may be directed away from its normal direction, a needle for said nozzle, means for operating said needle, a`

lever pivotally associated with said needle operating means, means for operatively relating n portion of said lever with Said directing away from normal, said predetermined direction of movement bcino' the same as that neces- CB i sary for moving said needle toward the cloSed 10 position.

In testimony whereof, the Signature of the inventor is allixed hereto.

ARNOLD PFAU. 

